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Graph: http://wumm.uni-leipzig.de:8891/sparql
http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1 (EasyRdf\Resource)
skos:narrower http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2
http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2 (EasyRdf\Resource)
rdf:type tc:FlowDevelopmentPattern
skos:narrower http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2_01, http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2_04, http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2_05, http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2_02, http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2_03, http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2_08, http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2_09, http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2_06, http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2_07, http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2_10
skos:prefLabel "Increasing the efficiency of useful flows"@en
skos:definition "In the process of development, there is an increase in the efficiency of useful flows."@en
skos:broader http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1
http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2_01 (EasyRdf\Resource)
rdf:type tc:FlowDevelopmentPattern
skos:prefLabel "Elimination of 'stagnation zones'"@en
skos:note "A 'stagnation zone' is an area of a flow where some part of it is for a long time or permanently stagnant. As a result, the effective flow capacity is reduced, as if there were leaks, although technically all of it remains in the system. Consequently, the elimination of 'stagnant zones' leads to an increase in the efficiency of useful flow by increasing the completeness of its utilisation without increasing the overall capacity."@en
skos:definition "Transition from a flow that contains areas where some part of the flow is for a long time or permanently stagnant to a flow that is free of such areas."@en
skos:example "Road junction. In order to pass one traffic stream, you have to stop the other. Formally, there is enough space on the road, but in fact - behind the junction there is nothing, and in front of it there is a congestion zone, i.e. a familiar traffic jam. In accordance with the trend, such zones are eliminated, for example, by multi-level interchanges."@en, "The problem of cold-starting a car engine.<br/> It is known that up to 70-80% of engine wear occurs during the so-called 'cold start'. The thing is that during engine start in cold weather when lubricating oil thickens, the oil pump does not have time to deliver it to the cylinders, and at first the friction in the cylinder-piston pair occurs without any lubrication, which naturally leads to increased wear. As you can see, there is a typical 'stagnation zone' in the oil flow, which temporarily occurs during a cold start. Indeed, there is technically enough oil in the system but it is not being used for its intended purpose because it is stuck somewhere on the way.<br/> It's clear that one struggles with this phenomenon - e.g. with special additives in oil, or just by warming up the engine at idling speed. It looks like there is no universal solution, but surely sooner or later the trend will triumph, and it will be possible to start right from the spot without fear for the engine."@en
skos:broader http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2
http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2_02 (EasyRdf\Resource)
rdf:type tc:FlowDevelopmentPattern
skos:prefLabel "Transition to impulse actions"@en
skos:note "Often the efficiency of a flow depends mainly on its amplitude value. Therefore, it is advantageous to switch to a pulsed flow in order to increase efficiency. The total power of such a flow can be small, because its effective value is small, but the efficiency is significant, because the pulse amplitude can be very high. However, larger amplitudes can be achieved more easily in pulsed mode by storing energy at pauses."@en
skos:definition "Transition from constant flow to pulsed flow (including sign-variable flow)."@en
skos:example "Concrete demolition using a pulsed water jet."@en
skos:broader http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2
http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2_03 (EasyRdf\Resource)
rdf:type tc:FlowDevelopmentPattern
skos:prefLabel "Use of resonance"@en
skos:note "In particular, the use of resonance allows selective high-intensity effects at low total power of the flow.<br/> In contrast to a conventional vibratory conveyor, it provides a significantly higher output for the same amount of energy and dimensions. This is because its moving part vibrates at its own vibration frequency, making maximum use of the drive energy."@en
skos:definition "Transition from a pulsed (variable) flow with an arbitrary frequency to a flow whose frequency is equal to the frequency of natural vibrations of the flow source, elements of its path or the object to which the flow is directed."@en
skos:broader http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2
http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2_04 (EasyRdf\Resource)
rdf:type tc:FlowDevelopmentPattern
skos:prefLabel "Flow modulation"@en
skos:note "The flow is modulated so that it acts on the object only at those moments in time when the object is most sensitive to this effect. In doing so, the efficiency of the flow increases."@en
skos:definition "Transition to a flow whose characteristics change over time in response to changes in the characteristics of the object to which the flow is directed."@en
skos:example "A commonly used thing as an atomic bomb.<br/> It turns out that in order to detonate it, you need to create a certain level of neutrons in the fissile material. A neutron gun is provided for that purpose. But it is useless to irradiate uranium - it is still impossible to create a neutron flux of the density needed to initiate a reaction. Therefore, the neutron beam is switched on precisely at the moment when all the pre-critical parts of the charge are joined together - precisely when they are most sensitive to it. This is where it all happens."@en
skos:broader http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2
http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2_05 (EasyRdf\Resource)
rdf:type tc:FlowDevelopmentPattern
skos:prefLabel "The use of gradients"@en
skos:note "Often, a high flow intensity is needed only in a certain area (operational zone), while costs are determined by the overall intensity. Therefore, it is advantageous to apply a flow with a gradient - high intensity in the operational zone and low intensity throughout the rest of the path to increase efficiency."@en
skos:definition "Transition from a flow that is uniformly or randomly distributed in space to a flow whose characteristics are distributed in space according to the location of the object (parts of the object, several objects) to which the flow is directed."@en
skos:example "Shaped charge.<br/> The shaped charge concentrates most of the blast energy into a very small area, resulting in extremely high armour piercing efficiency within a very low overall charge."@en, "Glass cutting.<br/> A worker scratches the glass in the right place and then lightly loads it. This creates such a concentration of stress that the glass fails and breaks off evenly along the notch."@en, "Actually, all cutting and stabbing tools are based on the concentration of force in a selected area of the workpiece - with a relatively small overall force, the stress at the point of contact, which has a very small area, increases so much that it exceeds the resistance limits of the material."@en
skos:broader http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2
http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2_06 (EasyRdf\Resource)
rdf:type tc:FlowDevelopmentPattern
skos:prefLabel "Mixing of several homogeneous flows"@en
skos:note "Several weak homogeneous flows can also be used to achieve a local concentration of flow, which are stacked in the operational zone. For flows having a wave nature, the phenomenon of interference can be used. Since the gain in total power is not achieved in this way, it is usually done in cases where several weak flows are easier to provide than one strong flow."@en
skos:definition "Transition from a single strong flow to several weak flows that add up at the right place."@en
skos:example "The multi-oar boat. Each rower individually cannot create a large force over a long period of time, but all together can, simply by folding."@en, "Drying paper. Wet paper is rewound from reel to reel and the free water is squeezed out with a special roller.<br/> In order to reduce the viscosity of the water and therefore increase the squeezing efficiency, the paper is heated. To do this, the support drum is heated from the inside by steam. However, it was found that the contact time between the paper and the hot drum surface was so short that the water did not have time to heat up due to the high winding speed. If you increase the temperature of the drum, the surface layers adjacent to the drum will start to burn due to the limited thermal conductivity of the paper. In other words, there is a situation where a strong heat flow cannot be used and a weak heat flow is not enough. Therefore, in line with the trend, a second heat flow was introduced -- blowing hot air onto the paper from outside."@en
skos:broader http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2
http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2_07 (EasyRdf\Resource)
rdf:type tc:FlowDevelopmentPattern
skos:prefLabel "Multiple use of flow (adding a flow to itself)"@en
skos:note "The total power of the flow can be reduced by allowing a relatively weak flow to pass repeatedly through the operational zone. This is usually the case when the strong flow is difficult to create or cannot be fully used in one pass and the effect may be cumulative."@en
skos:definition "Transition from a strong flow to a weak flow passing repeatedly through an operational zone."@en
skos:example "Coil of an electromagnet.<br/> The required magnetic field strength can, in principle, be obtained with just a single coil. However, in order to do this, an enormous current would have to be passed through the coil. Instead, a relatively weak current is used which is passed through the coil many times, combining the magnetic fields of each coil to make a single strong field."@en
skos:broader http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2
http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2_08 (EasyRdf\Resource)
rdf:type tc:FlowDevelopmentPattern
skos:prefLabel "Using two heterogeneous flows to achieve a synergetic effect"@en
skos:note "Sometimes, instead of one strong flow, two weak heterogeneous flows can be used, which have a synergetic effect. This effect consists in the fact that the result of simultaneous impact of both flows is much greater than the sum of the results of their separate use. Due to this, weak flows provide high efficiency of the system at low losses."@en
skos:definition "Transition from a single strong flow to two weak heterogeneous flows, the joint use of which leads to a synergetic effect."@en
skos:example "The problem of anthrax spore elimination. These spores are extremely resistant to heat and chemical attack. However, the simultaneous action of some chemical agents and relatively low heat reliably kills them. This means that the synergetic effect of two simultaneous currents (heat and chemicals) is being exploited."@en
skos:broader http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2
http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2_09 (EasyRdf\Resource)
rdf:type tc:FlowDevelopmentPattern
skos:prefLabel "Pre-saturation of the operative zone with substance, energy and information"@en
skos:note "Ideally, there should be no flows in the system at all, because any flow leads to losses and additional load on the system. Complete coagulation of flows can be achieved by pre-saturating the operational zone with substance, energy, and information of the required type and quantity. In doing so, a weak initiating signal is often sufficient to carry out the entire process. If it is not possible to fully saturate an operational area with everything it needs, partial saturation may be limited. In this case, it will be possible to switch to the use of weak streams."@en
skos:definition "Transition from a strong flow to a weak one, acting on an object pre-saturated with the components of this flow."@en
skos:example "Pre-injection of a substance is sleeping pills.<br/> If they are overdosed, poisoning is possible up to and including death. In this case, inducing vomiting is often sufficient to save the person. Therefore, in line with the trend, the following solution has been found - a small dose of a vomiting agent has been injected into the pills in advance. In a normal situation, this has no effect on well-being, but in a significant overdose, it is triggered before irreparable harm is done to the person."@en, "An example of pre-saturation of an operational area with energy is self-heating canned food. Now, you don't need a fire or any other external heat source - just press the bottom and you get a can of hot coffee."@en, "An example of pre-saturation of an operational zone with information is the use of code signals. If it is agreed in advance which signal means what (i.e., pre-introduce in the OZ the vast majority of information), then any signal (and, in principle, even absence of a signal!) can carry an almost unlimited amount of information. For example, submarine commanders have detailed instructions about how to proceed if, after surfacing, they don't get a certain signal from the base (absence of signal means base destruction - here, the submarine will show itself in such a way that the submarine will not only win!)."@en, "Land mines. Instead of shelling the enemy (shelling is the organisation of the flow of certain substances through the environment), the charges are placed in advance in places where they are likely to appear."@en
skos:broader http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2
http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2_10 (EasyRdf\Resource)
rdf:type tc:FlowDevelopmentPattern
skos:prefLabel "Reducing the intensity of information flows by switching to self-regulating processes"@en
skos:note "Often the flow of information in the system is necessary to control the processes occurring in it. These flows can be reduced or eliminated altogether by using self-regulating processes."@en
skos:definition "Transition from an externally regulated system - with a high flow of information between the control system and the working body - to a self-regulating system."@en
skos:example "A kettle with a whistle.<br/> A whistle is an information signal for a person to drop everything and go to perform certain actions - take the kettle off the fire or turn it off. Then they made a self-switching kettle, in which sits an almost completely coiled nifty system - a bimetallic plate. It is a sensor and actuator in one person, using the energy of its supersystem to work. As a result, the person can go about their business instead of running around on a whistle like a dog."@en
skos:broader http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/FDP/P_1_2
http://opendiscovery.org/rdf/EcoDesignNode/E1222 (EasyRdf\Resource)
skos:example "Nestl? redesign the bottle and cap to make them lighter. Also narrowed the label. "