The following combined list of EcoDesignPrinciples was extracted from the overview papers (Russo, Spreafico 2020) and (Maccioni, Borgianni, Pigosso 2019).
This list serves only as proof of concept to demonstrate the potential of the RDF backed WUMM database. The links in the table point to a relevant part of the complete RDF information in the database.
| URI | Description | What | When | Action | GenericPrinciple |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EliminateComponentsByIdeality | Eliminate Components (Ideality, Switch to Supersystem) | Components | End of Life | Eliminate | Ideality |
| EliminateComponentsByRecycling | Eliminate Components (Recycle, Optimize) | Components | End of Life | Eliminate | Recycle |
| EliminateComponentsByReuse | Eliminate Components (Reuse) | Components | End of Life | Eliminate | Reuse |
| EliminateComponentsByTakingOut | Eliminate Components (Ideality, Taking out) | Components | End of Life | Eliminate | Ideality, Taking out |
| EliminateComponentsByTrimming | Eliminate Components (Trimming) | Energy | End of Life | Reduce Quantity | Trimming |
| EliminateMachineriesByMerging | Eliminate Machineries (Merging) | Machineries | Manufacturing | Eliminate | Merging |
| EliminateMachineriesByOptimization | Eliminate Machineries (Optimize) | Machineries | Manufacturing | Eliminate | Optimize |
| EliminatePackagingByMerging | Eliminate Packaging (Merging, The other way around) | Packaging | Product Use | Eliminate | Merging, The Other Way Around |
| EliminatePackagingByTrimming | Eliminate Packaging (Trimming, Switch to supersystem) | Packaging | Product Use | Eliminate | Switch to Super System, Trimming |
| EliminateRawMaterialsByDematerialization | Eliminate Raw Materials (Dematerialization) | Raw Materials | Pre-Manufacturing | Eliminate | Dematerialization |
| EliminateRawMaterialsByTrimming | Eliminate Raw Materials by Trimming | Raw Materials | Pre-Manufacturing | Eliminate | Trimming |
| ImproveComponentsDurabilityByIdeality | Improve Durability of the Product Components (Ideality, Switch to supersystem) | Components | Product Use | Improve Durability | Ideality |
| ImproveComponentsDurabilityByOptimization | Improve Durability of the Product Components (Dynamic, Optimize) | Components | Product Use | Improve Durability | Optimize |
| ImproveDurabilityAuxiliaryMaterials | Improve Durability Auxiliary Materials (Other dimensions, Dynamics) | Auxiliary Material | Manufacturing | Improve Durability | Dynamics/Homogenize |
| P03 | Facilitate upgrading and adaptability | Pre-Manufacturing | |||
| P04 | Facilitate maintenance | Pre-Manufacturing | |||
| P05 | Facilitate repair | Pre-Manufacturing | |||
| P06 | Facilitate reuse | Pre-Manufacturing | |||
| P07 | Facilitate remanufacturing | Pre-Manufacturing | |||
| P08 | Intensify use (share, multifunction, integrated, on demand) | Product Use | |||
| P09 | Minimize material content or dematerialize, digitalize, miniaturize | Manufacturing | |||
| P10 | Minimize scraps and discards | Manufacturing | |||
| P11 | Minimize packaging (avoid, integrate, drastically reduce) | Packaging | Distribution and Packaging | ||
| P12 | Minimize material consumption during usage (select more consumption-efficient systems) | Product Use | |||
| P13 | Minimize materials consumption during usage (engage systems with dynamic material consumption) | Product Use | |||
| P14 | Minimize energy consumption (during pre-production and production) | Manufacturing | |||
| P15 | Minimize energy consumption (during transportation and storage) | Distribution and Packaging | |||
| P16 | Minimize energy consumption (select systems with energy-efficient operation stage) | Product Use | |||
| P17 | Select non-toxic and harmless materials | Product Use | |||
| P18 | Select non-toxic and harmless energy resources | Product Use | |||
| P19 | Select renewable and bio-compatible materials | Product Use | |||
| P20 | Select renewable and bio-compatible energy resources | Product Use | |||
| P21 | Adopt the cascade approach | End of Life | |||
| P22 | Facilitate end-of-life collection and transportation | End of Life | |||
| P23 | Identify materials | End of Life | |||
| P24 | Minimize the overall number of different incompatible materials | Product Use, End of Life | |||
| P25 | Facilitate cleaning | Product Use | |||
| P26 | Facilitate composting | End of Life | |||
| P27 | Reduce and facilitate operations of disassembly and separation | End of Life | |||
| P28 | Engage reversible joining systems | End of Life | |||
| P29 | Develop services providing added value to the product’s life cycle | Product Use | |||
| P30 | Develop services providing ‘final results’ | Product Use | |||
| P31 | Develop services providing ‘enabling platforms for customers’ | Product Use | |||
| P32 | Change raw material (low impact or recyclable/recycled) | Manufacturing | |||
| P33 | Modify raw material (reduce mass and volume) | Manufacturing | |||
| P34 | Use pre-manufactured material | Manufacturing | |||
| P35 | Change material (low impact) for the packaging | Packaging | Distribution and Packaging | ||
| P36 | Reduce the mass of the packaging (eliminate, reduce, integrate, modify raw material to be protected) | Packaging | Distribution and Packaging | ||
| P37 | Reduce the volume of the packaging (reduce the volume, dynamize) | Packaging | Distribution and Packaging | ||
| P38 | Improve packaging durability (reuse in the same or different way, recycle) | Distribution and Packaging | |||
| P39 | Modify packaging to increase raw material durability (controlled atmosphere, vacuum, deep freeze, sterilization) | Packaging | Distribution and Packaging | ||
| P40 | Use efficient transports | Distribution and Packaging | |||
| P41 | Optimize logistic (choose the shortest route in time or in space) | Distribution and Packaging | |||
| P42 | Reduce the volume of the load (reduce the volume or the free space) | Distribution and Packaging | |||
| P43 | Reduce the transportation risk | Distribution and Packaging | |||
| P44 | Modify the products for maintenance | Product Use | |||
| P45 | Avoid auxiliary components (independent, eliminate components, dematerializing) | Product Use | |||
| P46 | Reduce auxiliary components (rationalize, improve energy performances, discretize use) | Product Use | |||
| P47 | Remove dangerous materials during the product use | Product Use | |||
| P48 | Reduce environmental problems during the product use | Product Use | |||
| P49 | Act on durability (more operation, different way) of the packaging | Packaging | Distribution and Packaging | ||
| P50 | Reduce the mass of the packaging (light material, multifunctional product) | Packaging | Distribution and Packaging | ||
| P51 | Act on shape and volume | Product Use | |||
| P52 | Reduce the consumption of energy required (efficient or alternative) | Product Use | |||
| P53 | Recover dissipated energy during the product use | Product Use | |||
| P54 | Reduce the need of maintenance during the product use | Product Use | |||
| P55 | Make the maintenance proactive during the product use | Product Use | |||
| P56 | Design repairable product | Product Use | |||
| P57 | Realize modular product | ||||
| P58 | Design product with low emission of pollution substances during the product use | Product Use | |||
| P59 | Reduce the product mass during the product use | Product Use | |||
| P60 | Reduce the product volume during the product use | Product Use | |||
| P61 | Recovery of material (reuse, remanufacture, recycle) at the end of the product’s life | End of Life | |||
| P62 | Use biodegradable packaging for the end of the product’s life | End of Life | |||
| P63 | Reduce the mass for the end of the product’s life | End of Life | |||
| P64 | Allow the separability of materials at the end of the product’s life | End of Life | |||
| P65 | Use connections between parts for the end of the product’s life | End of Life | |||
| P66 | Reduce the weight and the volume of the transport at the end of the product’s life | End of Life | |||
| ReduceDistanceExternalLogisticEndOfLife | Reduce Distance External Logistic (Ideality) | External Logistic | End of Life | Reduce Distance | Ideality |
| ReduceDistanceExternalLogisticSupplyPhase | Reduce Distance External Logistic (Ideality) | External Logistic | Pre-Manufacturing | Reduce Distance | Ideality |
| ReduceDistanceInternalLogistic | Reduce Distance Internal Logistic (Other dimensions, Segmentation, Dynamics) | Internal Logistic | Manufacturing | Reduce Distance | Dynamics/Homogenize, Segmentation of the Parts/Components |
| ReduceMassAuxiliaryMaterialsByControl | Reduce Mass Auxiliary Materials (Increase control) | Auxiliary Material | Product Use | Reduce Mass | Increase Control |
| ReduceMassAuxiliaryMaterialsByLocalQuality | Reduce Mass Auxiliary Materials (Local Quality & Separation in space/time) | Auxiliary Material | Product Use | Reduce Mass | Local Quality and Separation in Space |
| ReduceMassAuxiliaryMaterialsByRecycling | Reduce Mass Auxiliary Materials (Recycle, Switch to Supersystem) | Auxiliary Material | Manufacturing, Product Use | Reduce Mass | Recycle, Switch to Super System |
| ReduceMassAuxiliaryMaterialsByRedesign | Reduce Mass Auxiliary Materials (Redesign internal structure) | Auxiliary Material | Product Use | Reduce Mass | Redesign the Internal Structure by Porosity |
| ReduceMassAuxiliaryMaterialsBySupersystem | Reduce Mass Auxiliary Materials (Switch to Supersystem) | Auxiliary Material | Manufacturing | Reduce Mass | Switch to Super System |
| ReduceMassEmissions | Reduce Mass Emissions (Local Quality & Separation in space) | Emissions | Product Use, Manufacturing | Reduce Mass | Local Quality and Separation in Space |
| ReduceMassPackagingByAggregation | Reduce Mass Packaging (Change the state of Aggregation) | Packaging | Product Use, Pre-Manufacturing | Reduce Mass | Change the State of Aggregation |
| ReduceMassPackagingByOptimization | Reduce Mass Packaging (Optimize, Local quality & Separation in space) | Packaging | Product Use | Reduce Mass | Optimize, Local Quality and Separation in Space |
| ReduceMassRawMaterialsByRecycling | Reduce Mass Raw Materials (Recycle) | Raw Materials | Pre-Manufacturing | Reduce Mass | Recycle |
| ReduceMassRawMaterialsByRedesign | Reduce Mass Raw Materials (Redesign internal structure) | Raw Materials | Pre-Manufacturing | Reduce Mass | Redesign the Internal Structure by Porosity |
| ReduceQuantityEnergyByOptimization | Reduce Quantity Energy (Optimize, The other way around, Other dimensions) | Energy | Product Use | Reduce Quantity | The Other Way Around, Optimize |
| ReduceQuantityOfEnergyByIdeality | Reduce Quantity of Energy (Ideality, Switch to Supersystem) | Energy | End of Life | Reduce Quantity | Switch to Super System, Ideality |
| ReduceQuantityOfEnergyByLocalQuality | Reduce Quantity of Energy (Local quality, Dynamics) | Energy | Product Use | Reduce Quantity | Local Quality and Separation in Time, Dynamics/Homogenize |
| ReduceQuantityOfEnergyByTakingout | Reduce Quantity of Energy (Taking out) | Energy | Product Use | Reduce Quantity | Taking out |
| ReduceQuantityOfEnergyProductUse | Reduce Quantity of Energy (Recycle, Switch to supersystem) | Energy | Product Use | Reduce Quantity | Switch to Super System, Recycle |
| ReduceQuantityofEnergyByDesign | Reduce Quantity of Energy (Design for assembly, Asymmetry) | Energy | Manufacturing | Reduce Quantity | Design for Assembly |
| ReduceQuantityofEnergyByDynamics | Reduce Quantity of Energy (Dynamics) | Energy | Manufacturing | Reduce Quantity | Dynamics/Homogenize |
| ReduceQuantityofEnergyByRecycling | Reduce Quantity of Energy (Recycle) | Energy | End of Life | Reduce Quantity | Recycle |
| ReduceQuantityofEnergyManufacturing | Reduce Quantity of Energy (Recycle, Switch to supersystem) | Energy | Manufacturing | Reduce Quantity | Recycle, Switch to Super System |
| ReduceVolumeExternalLogisticByAggregation | Reduce Volume External Logistic (Change the state of aggregation) | External Logistic | Pre-Manufacturing | Reduce Volume | Change the State of Aggregation |
| ReduceVolumeExternalLogisticByOptimization | Reduce Volume External Logistic (The other way around) | External Logistic | Product Use, Pre-Manufacturing | Reduce Volume | The Other Way Around |
| ReduceVolumeExternalLogisticBySegmentation | Reduce Volume External Logistic (Segmentation) | External Logistic | Pre-Manufacturing | Reduce Volume | Segmentation of the Parts/Components |
| ReduceVolumeExternalLogisticEndOfLife | Reduce Volume External Logistic (Dynamics) | External Logistic | End of Life | Reduce Volume | Dynamics/Homogenize |
| ReduceVolumeExternalLogisticSupplyPhase | Reduce Volume External Logistic (Dynamics) | External Logistic | Pre-Manufacturing, Product Use | Reduce Volume | Dynamics/Homogenize |
| ReduceVolumePackagingByDynamics | Reduce Volume Packaging (Dynamics) | Packaging | Pre-Manufacturing | Reduce Volume | Dynamics/Homogenize |
| ReduceVolumePackagingByIdeality | Reduce Volume Packaging (Taking out, Ideality, Switch to supersystem) | Packaging | Product Use | Reduce Volume | Switch to Super System, Ideality, Taking out |
| SelectOtherAuxiliaryMaterials | Select Other Auxiliary Materials (Substitute) | Auxiliary Material | Manufacturing, Product Use | Select Other | Substitute |
| SelectOtherExternalLogisticEndOfLife | Select Other External Logistic (Substitute) | External Logistic | End of Life, Product Use | Select Other | Substitute |
| SelectOtherExternalLogisticSupplyPhase | Select Other External Logistic (Substitute) | External Logistic | Pre-Manufacturing | Select Other | Substitute |
| SelectOtherInternalLogistic | Select Other Internal Logistic (Substitute) | Internal Logistic | Manufacturing | Select Other | Substitute |
| SelectOtherMachineriesSubstitute | Select Other Machineries (Substitute) | Machineries | Manufacturing | Select Other | Substitute |
| SelectOtherPackagingEndOfLife | Select Other Packaging (Substitute) | Packaging | End of Life | Select Other | Substitute |
| SelectOtherPackagingForDelivery | Select Other Packaging (Substitute) | Packaging | Product Use | Select Other | Substitute |
| SelectOtherPackagingSupplyPhase | Select Other Packaging (Substitute) | Packaging | Pre-Manufacturing | Select Other | Substitute |
| SelectOtherRawMaterials | Select Other Raw Materials (Substitute) | Raw Materials | Pre-Manufacturing | Select Other | Substitute |